Each entry covers one jurisdiction: who licenses operators, what a licence obliges them to do, which deposit or stake limits are in force, whether a national self-exclusion scheme exists and how it is entered and left. Where a rule changed recently, the entry says what changed and from when.
Licensing is also the fastest way to check whether a brand is legitimate where you are. An operator licensed somewhere else is not necessarily licensed for you, and an unlicensed site owes you nothing at all — including a payout.
Dates, limits and licence numbers here come from the regulators’ own publications. No source, no field: where we could not confirm a figure in writing, it is absent rather than approximate. This is reference material, not legal advice.
Three questions settle almost every case, and they are worth asking in this order. Is the operator licensed for the country you are physically in, rather than licensed somewhere and reachable from everywhere? Does that licence carry the protections you are counting on — segregated player funds, a named dispute body, a self-exclusion scheme the operator must honour? And does the offer in front of you exist under those rules at all, or is it the version written for a different market? A bonus that is legal in one jurisdiction and prohibited in the next is the most common way a player finds out which set of rules they were actually playing under.
Rules also move, and they move unevenly. A stake limit, a deposit cap or an affordability check arrives on a stated date, sometimes for new accounts first and existing ones later, and sometimes for one product while the next is consulted on for another year. That is why each entry states what changed and from when instead of describing a market as though its rules were permanent — and why a guide written two years ago can be entirely accurate about a regime that no longer applies to you.
Citation records for documents cited in research and policy papers: what the citation supports, and where to obtain the document.
- Archive materials — The index of catalogue records kept for documents cited in research and policy papers.
- Emerging conceptual models of excessive behaviors — Article record — Int J Ment Health Addict, volume 5, pages 107–116.
- Evaluation of the 2004 legislative amendments — Article record — an evaluation of amendments aimed at reducing gambling harm.
- Fantasy sport and the skill-or-gambling line — Publication record — where the skill-or-gambling line is drawn for fantasy sport.
- Hirsch, Alan R. — Author record and the work indexed under this name.